更新時間：2023-07-30
文章來源：http://www.74seba.com/
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現(xiàn)實生活中，常用的功放機大部分是把放大小信號的前置放大器與后置功率放大器合并在一個機箱中，這種功放通常被稱為“合并式功放”，合并式功放機的優(yōu)點就是使用方便，同時具有比較優(yōu)越的產(chǎn)品性能。
In real life, most commonly used power amplifiers combine pre amplifiers and post amplifiers that amplify large and small signals into a single chassis. This type of power amplifier is commonly referred to as a "combined power amplifier". The advantage of a combined power amplifier is its convenience in use and superior product performance.
家用功放機
Household amplifier
然而，這種合并式功放有一些固有的缺點，其中不好克服的就是前級與后級之間的相互干擾問題了。為了解決這個問題，于是在設(shè)計上把前級功放與后級功放分別做在兩個機殼中，這樣就有了純后級功放機。據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，絕大多數(shù)的純后級功放都是雙聲道的結(jié)構(gòu)形式，但這種結(jié)構(gòu)形式使得兩個聲道相互干擾問題又不太好解決。為了解決兩個聲道相互間的信號干擾，于是又出現(xiàn)了把兩個聲道分開的單聲道純后級功放機。單聲道功放機的主要性能指標(biāo)有：輸出功率、頻率響應(yīng)、失真度、信噪比、輸出阻抗、阻尼系數(shù)等。來自音源或前級放大器的弱信號放大，推動音箱放聲。
However, this combined power amplifier has some inherent drawbacks, among which the most difficult to overcome is the mutual interference problem between the front and rear stages. In order to solve this problem, the front stage amplifier and rear stage amplifier were designed in two separate cases, resulting in a pure rear stage amplifier. According to data, the vast majority of pure rear stage power amplifiers have a dual channel structure, but this structure makes it difficult to solve the problem of mutual interference between the two channels. In order to solve the signal interference between two channels, a single channel pure post amplifier that separates the two channels has emerged. The main performance indicators of a mono amplifier include output power, frequency response, distortion, signal-to-noise ratio, output impedance, damping coefficient, etc. The weak signal from the sound source or preamplifier amplifies, pushing the speaker to play.
把功率放大器按功能區(qū)塊分割開，其主要的意義是要提高功放機的性能，而不是追求這種形式的分開。如果僅僅在形式上實現(xiàn)了相互分開，盡管可以解決相互干擾問題，但其它參數(shù)并未明顯改善，那么這種分開對功放提高整體性能來說還是非常有限的。
The main significance of dividing power amplifiers into functional blocks is to improve the performance of the amplifier, rather than pursuing this form of separation. If only formal separation is achieved, although it can solve the problem of mutual interference, other parameters have not been significantly improved, then this separation is still very limited in improving the overall performance of the power amplifier.
后級功放機
Rear amplifier
功率放大器有晶體管與電子管之分，前級同樣也有晶體管和電子管之分。對于音響愛好者與音樂愛好者而言，在選用前級與后級上有多種的組合形式，而不同的組合形式又有不同的音效特點，這使得使用者又多了一些選擇的空間。
Power amplifiers can be divided into transistors and electronic tubes, while the front stage can also be divided into transistors and electronic tubes. For Audiophile and music lovers, there are a variety of combination forms in selecting the front and rear levels, and different combination forms have different sound effects, which makes users have more space to choose.
與純后級功放配接的前級對整個音響系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)劣影響比較大。它必須具有一定的性能，否則，純后級或是單聲道的優(yōu)點便發(fā)揮不出來，甚有可能把一臺劣質(zhì)前級的“毛病”突顯出來，整體音效反而變得更不理想了。再者，不同的前級后級配合其音色特點不同，使用者可以根據(jù)個人的偏好選擇不同的功放組合形式。
The front stage connected to the pure rear stage amplifier has a significant impact on the overall quality of the audio system. Firstly, it must have a certain level of performance, otherwise the advantages of pure rear stage or mono channel will not be fully realized, and it may even highlight the "problem" of a low-quality front stage, making the overall sound effect even less ideal. Furthermore, different front and rear stages, combined with their different timbre characteristics, allow users to choose different combinations of power amplifiers based on their personal preferences.
不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，很多音響與音樂愛好者就喜歡用“膽前、石后”（即電子管前級，晶體管后級）的組合方式，覺得這樣組合既發(fā)揮了晶體管后級功率輸出大，瞬態(tài)響應(yīng)好的特點，又領(lǐng)略了電子管前級音色甜美、醇厚的韻味，不過這種搭配也并不是金科玉律,因為具體的前級與后級都有各自的特點，而對音色的偏好又因人而異，使用者可以根據(jù)具體的使用情況找出自己所喜愛的音響組合方式，從而獲得更好的音效體驗。
It is not difficult to find that many audio and music enthusiasts like to use the combination method of "gallbladder front, stone back" (i.e. electronic tube front stage, transistor rear stage), believing that this combination not only leverages the characteristics of high power output and good transient response of the transistor rear stage, but also appreciates the sweet and mellow tone of the electronic tube front stage. However, this combination is not a golden rule, as each specific front stage and rear stage have their own characteristics, The preference for sound quality varies from person to person, and users can find their favorite sound combination based on specific usage situations, thereby obtaining a better sound experience.
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